corundum, USA.12, North Carolina.12, Montana.12, gems

The value of rough gems produced in the U.S. decreased from $312,050 in 1892 to $264,041 in 1893, mainly due to financial depression. Notable discoveries include a 3+ carat diamond in Wisconsin and small rubies in North Carolina. American turquoise sales reached $143,136, surpassing Persian mines’ annual sales. Diamond Industry: Several diamond discoveries were made in the U.S., including a 3+ carat diamond in Wisconsin and small diamonds in North Carolina and California. Diamonds were found in meteorites, specifically the Canyon Diablo meteorite, confirming their presence through cutting experiments. The diamond-cutting industry in the U.S. employed 236 people in 1889, with significant importation of rough diamonds. Other Gemstones: Sapphires from Montana were actively sold, with efforts to introduce them into the London market. Rubies found in North Carolina were of good color and quality. Turquoise mining was highly successful, with significant production and sales. Tourmaline discoveries in Maine and California yielded valuable gems. Emerald mining in Colombia continued to be profitable, with significant production and export. Artificial Precious Stones: Experiments by Thomas Edison and the Cowles Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company to produce artificial rubies, sapphires, and diamonds were unsuccessful due to issues like bubbles and lack of genuine diamond production. Other Minerals: Moss agate, hydrolite, dumortierite, opal, staurolite, jadeite, lapis lazuli, labradorite, and other minerals were found and mined in various locations across the U.S., with varying degrees of success and market value. The report provides a comprehensive overview of the mineral and gemstone industry in the U.S. during 1893, highlighting significant discoveries, production data, and market trends.