gems, history of gemology, early lapidaries, history of mineralogy

Douët-d’Arcq publishes a collection of medieval accounts relating to the argenterie of the kings of France, providing documentary evidence for royal expenditure on precious objects, jewelry, plate, clothing, and ceremonial furnishings. Drawn from archival records, the accounts record payments to goldsmiths, jewelers, craftsmen, and merchants and describe objects made or acquired for the royal household, often specifying materials, weights, workmanship, and costs. Of particular gemological interest are references to diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, pearls, and other precious stones employed in royal jewels and ornaments, together with information on their valuation, setting, purchase, and reuse. The work is an important primary source for the history of medieval French jewelry, precious stones, goldsmithing, and the organization and expenditure of the royal treasury.