gems, jade, pyroxene jade, jadeite, fei cui, synthetic jadeite, synthetic fei cui, simulants, HPHT

Using Al₂(SiO₃)₃ and Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O as raw materials, jadeite was successfully synthesized from its glass phase under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) by simulating the natural mineralization process. The resulting synthetic jadeite samples display highly saturated colors, a smooth finish, and a greasy luster—key characteristics of high-quality natural jadeite. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy reveal that the samples are well-crystallized, with a fine texture and vitreous appearance closely resembling natural jadeite. Experimental results show that temperature significantly affects grain growth and structural formation under pressures of 4.0–5.5 GPa. Furthermore, FTIR analysis confirms that the infrared absorption peaks of the synthetic samples match those of natural jadeite, indicating that they share the same silicon-oxygen tetrahedral molecular structure.