gems, jade, pyroxene jade, jadeite, fei cui, synthetic jadeite, synthetic fei cui, simulants, HPHT

Using Al₂(SiO₃)₃ and Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O as raw materials, jadeite was successfully synthesized from its glass phase under 6.0 GPa pressure in a doped system, through advances in high-temperature and high-pressure techniques and improvements in glass material processing. Characterization by XRD, FTIR, and SEM confirmed that the resulting samples exhibited a high degree of luster and transparency, with emerald-like appearance achieved at 6.0 GPa and 1530 °C. The primary phase of the synthetic material was NaAlSi₂O₆, featuring a silica tetrahedral molecular structure, high crystallinity, fine grain size, and a dense, orderly texture. The hardness and density of the synthetic jadeite closely matched those of natural jadeite, suggesting that such research can contribute significantly to understanding the natural formation processes of jadeite.