gems, gem testing, gemology, lab gemology, gem testing methods

The combined use of spectroscopic methods including Raman laser spectroscopy, mirror infrared reflection spectroscopy, and diffuse reflection spectroscopy in ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths can supply non-destructive and diagnostic information to identify gems. The items can be natural or synthetic gemstones, loose or mounted in jewellery, or in a rock matrix in various forms and dimensions.