gems, USA, Pala, San Diego County, tourmaline, California, native Americans, obsidian, quartz, turquoise, alabaster, malachite

Sinkankas: Excellent, thorough study (pp. 345–359) of the use of minerals, rocks, and gemstones by California Indians and the mines and quarries developed by them to extract such materials. The technical and scientific expertise of the Indians is discussed, methods of work described, as well as tools, and detailed descriptions of mines and quarries are given. The gemstones include obsidian, quartz varieties, turquoise, tourmaline, alabaster, and malachite, with a list of rocks, minerals, and decorative stones used on pp. 342–343. The bibliography consists of two lists: the first of literature cited and the second of literature treating all North American mining and quarrying.