gems, jade, fei cui, pyroxene jade, jadeite, standards

This publication presents the Chinese national terminology for jewelry and jade materials, establishing standardized names and naming principles for use in gem identification, testing, certification, and trade. It covers natural gemstones, natural jade materials, natural organic gem materials, synthetic and artificial products, composite stones, and imitations, and provides rules governing the terminology used for treated or otherwise modified materials. By defining acceptable names and restricting misleading or ambiguous terminology, the standard provides a consistent framework for laboratory reports, commercial descriptions, and consumer disclosure in China. It is particularly useful for understanding the official Chinese classification and nomenclature of jade and other gem materials and the distinctions drawn between natural, treated, synthetic, and imitation products.