gems, jade, jadeite, fei cui, Mesoamerica, Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Mayans, Olmecs, Aztecs, archaeology, history, archaeogemology, Pre-Columbian jade; Costa Rica; Maya; exchange; iconography, lapidary

Pakal was one of the greatest ancient rulers and the most prominent among a long line of monarchs who held sway at Palenque from AD 300 to 800. This “queen of Maya cities,” as Palenque has been called, fell into ruin and was abandoned along with other great urban centres when Maya civilization suffered a mysterious collapse more than 1,000 years ago. Through the eyes of David and George Stuart, we travel with pioneer artists and archaeologists from the eighteenth century onward as they rediscovered Palenque and attempted, in the oppressive tropical heat, to document the city’s graceful and ornate palaces, temples, bas-reliefs, and hieroglyphic inscriptions. These inscriptions lay largely unread until, in the late twentieth century, major breakthroughs in decipherment revealed Palenque’s history. David Stuart, one of the leading decipherers, portrays a lost world of palace intrigue, brilliant architects, gods, and revered ancestors. Today Palenque, proclaimed a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a place of renewed reverence and relevance for millions of modern Maya, New Age spiritualists, and all those fascinated by the history of the Maya.