Ruby & Sapphire Bibliography

First Published: 25 September 2026

Ruby & Sapphire Bibliography

Explore books, articles and historical sources on ruby, sapphire and corundum in Four Treasures, the Lotus Gemology reference database. This bibliography brings together matching records from the collection, with publication details, abstracts and cover images where available.

Ruby & Sapphire References

The list below matches the terms ruby, rubies, sapphire or corundum in the database's searchable fields. Some references discuss these gems as part of a broader subject. Linked titles take you to external links where you may find the full reference.

4,301–4,320 of 4,678 matching references

Kamienie szlachetne i ozdobne Madagaskaru

Precious and ornamental stones of Madagascar.

Journal Article

Jackowska-Polewczak, A. (1991) Kamienie szlachetne i ozdobne Madagaskaru. [Precious and ornamental stones of Madagascar.] Mineralogia polonica, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 79–87.

Record No. 1046 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS/NIB | Language: in Polish | not seen

A survey of the precious and ornamental stones of Madagascar, describing the principal gem minerals occurring on the island and giving brief information on their geological occurrence and mining. The paper provides an overview of Madagascar’s gem resources rather than detailed gemological characterization of individual materials, and includes a map showing important occurrences. A contemporary Journal of Gemmology abstract confirms this scope.

Gem profile: Vietnamese ruby

Journal Article

Federman, D. (1991) Gem profile: Vietnamese ruby. Modern Jeweler, Vol. 90, No. 8, pp. 23–24.

Record No. 744 | seen

Trace hydrogen in Verneuil-grown corundum and its color varieties—An IR spectroscopic study

Journal Article

Beran, A. (1991) Trace hydrogen in Verneuil-grown corundum and its color varieties—An IR spectroscopic study. European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, pp. 971–975.

Record No. 458 | not seen

IR spectra of Verneuil-grown colourless corundum, rose to deep red ruby, blue, “amethyst”- and “alexandrite”-coloured sapphire show a distinct variability in the region of the OH stretching fundamental. Hydrogen, bonded to oxygen, varies from approximately 1 to 3.5 ppm. Extremely pleochroic and narrow OH bands are centered at 3310, 3230 and 3185 cm⁻¹. The OH dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the c-axis. Assuming vacancies in the cation lattice, OH is coordinated to two Al atoms forming “groups” of face-sharing Al₂(OH)O₈ double octahedra.

Viets delay ruby sales until…

Journal Article

Anonymous (1991) Viets delay ruby sales until…. Jewelers’ Circular Keystone, Vol. 162, No. 3, p. 36.

Record No. 361 | not seen

Synthetic found mixed with rough ruby

Journal Article

Anonymous (1991) Synthetic found mixed with rough ruby. Jewellery News Asia, No. 85, p. 172.

Record No. 360 | seen

No date for ruby auction in Vietnam

Journal Article

Anonymous (1991) No date for ruby auction in Vietnam. Jewellery News Asia, No. 77, p. 48.

Record No. 358 | seen

China’s ruby similar to Myanmar

Journal Article

Anonymous (1991) China’s ruby similar to Myanmar. Jewellery News Asia, No. 85, p. 180.

Record No. 356 | not seen

Gemstones of Myanmar

Thesis

Nyan Thin (1991) Gemstones of Myanmar., Mawlamyine, Myanmar: University of Mawlamyine

Record No. 158 | not seen

Montana mining: Three favorite hunting spots for the state’s famous sapphires

Journal Article

Walker, D. and Walker, C. (1990) Montana mining: Three favorite hunting spots for the state’s famous sapphires. Lapidary Journal, Vol. 44, No. 3, June, pp. 73–75.

Record No. 5021 | not seen

Gemstones of Pakistan: Geology and Gemmology

Book

Kazmi, A.H. and O’Donoghue, M. (1990) Gemstones of Pakistan: Geology and Gemmology. Peshawar, Gemstone Corp. of Pakistan, 146 pp.

Record No. 4841 | not seen

[Burma ruby mines]

Burma ruby mines

Newspaper Article

Working People’s Daily (1990) [Burma ruby mines]. Working People’s Daily, Nov. 8, 19, 20, Rangoon, Burma

Record No. 1887 | not seen

The geological context of sapphire occurrences in the Anakie region, central Queensland

Journal Article

Stephenson, P.J. (1990) The geological context of sapphire occurrences in the Anakie region, central Queensland. Abstracts, Geological Society of Australia, Vol. 25, pp. 232–233.

Record No. 1644 | not seen

Known gemstone deposits in Tanzania

Book

Rwezaura, M. (1990) Known gemstone deposits in Tanzania., Unpublished manuscript, 27 pp.

Record No. 1517 | not seen

Mineral associations of corundum-bearing marbles and the problem of ruby genesis

Journal Article

Konovalenko, S.I. (1990) Mineral associations of corundum-bearing marbles and the problem of ruby genesis. Abstracts, 15th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Assoc., June 28–July 3, 1990, Beijing, China, Vol. 2, pp. 679–680.

Record No. 1125 | not seen

The formation of ruby-bearing marbles

Conference Paper

Kissin, A.J. (1990) The formation of ruby-bearing marbles. Abstracts of the 12th USSR Precambrian Metallogenic Conference, Precambrian Metalliferous and Metamorphic Ore Formations, Kiev: Nauka, pp. 221–222.

Record No. 1099 | not seen

The Uralian ruby-bearing province [in Russian]

in Russian

Conference Paper

Kissin, A.J. (1990) The Uralian ruby-bearing province [in Russian]. Abstracts of the Second Regional Mineralogical Conference, Mineralogia Urala, Miass., Kiev: Sverdlovsk Academy of Sciences Publications, pp. 120–123.

Record No. 1098 | not seen

Gemstone of Malawi: Ruby, sapphire, padparadscha, and fancy corundum

Journal Article

Grubessi, O. (1990) Gemstone of Malawi: Ruby, sapphire, padparadscha, and fancy corundum. Abstracts, 15th General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association, June 28–July 3, 1990, Beijing, China, Vol. 2, pp. 676–677.

Record No. 857 | not seen

Pamir spinel: A new Russian gem

Journal Article

Bancroft, P. (1989) Pamir spinel: A new Russian gem. Jewelers' Circular-Keystone, Vol. 160, No. 12, pp. 522–523.

Record No. 29266 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS/NIB | not seen

Discusses gem spinels from the Kukh-i-Lal deposit in the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan.

Prospecting and study of a ruby deposit in Madagascar

Report

Devouard, B. (1989) Prospecting and study of a ruby deposit in Madagascar. ENSG - Nancy, France, 1989,

Record No. 7353 | not seen

De Egyptische arts Ibn al-Akfānī (gest. 749/1348) en zijn indeling van de wetenschappen: Editie van het Kitāb Iršād al-qāṣid ilā asnā al-maqāṣid met een inleiding over het leven en werk van de auteur

The Egyptian physician Ibn al-Akfānī (d. 749/1348) and his classification of the sciences

Thesis

Witkam, J.J. (1989) De Egyptische arts Ibn al-Akfānī (gest. 749/1348) en zijn indeling van de wetenschappen: Editie van het Kitāb Iršād al-qāṣid ilā asnā al-maqāṣid met een inleiding over het leven en werk van de auteur. [The Egyptian physician Ibn al-Akfānī (d. 749/1348) and his classification of the sciences]., Leiden: Ter Lugt Pers, 394 + 70 pp.

Record No. 1878 | Language: in Dutch | not seen

A scholarly edition and study of the Egyptian physician and polymath Ibn al-Akfānī (d. 749/1348) and his Irshād al-qāṣid ilā asnā al-maqāṣid, an encyclopedic classification of the sciences. Witkam provides an extensive introduction to Ibn al-Akfānī’s life, writings and intellectual background, followed by an edition of the Arabic text and discussion of his organization of approximately sixty branches of knowledge. These encompass religious and philosophical disciplines as well as medicine, mathematics, astronomy, natural sciences and various practical and occult sciences. The work is particularly valuable for showing how a learned fourteenth-century Muslim scholar conceived the relationships among the sciences and for documenting the literature considered fundamental to individual disciplines.

Exploring the Literature of Corundum

Ruby and sapphire research spans mineralogy, gem deposits, identification, treatments, synthesis and the history of the gem trade. Older publications can also be useful for tracing terminology, early observations and accounts of mining localities. Publication dates and the original source should be considered when using historical descriptions.

For an introduction to collecting books on this subject, read Ruby & Sapphire Books: Collecting the Literature of Corundum.

About Four Treasures

Four Treasures is Lotus Gemology's freely accessible gemological reference database. Use the full database to search by author, title or keyword and explore literature on gemology, mineralogy, jewelry and related fields. Where available, hyperlinks on titles may lead directly to the full publication.

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