Ruby & Sapphire Bibliography
Explore books, articles and historical sources on ruby, sapphire and corundum in Four Treasures, the Lotus Gemology reference database. This bibliography brings together matching records from the collection, with publication details, abstracts and cover images where available.
Ruby & Sapphire References
The list below matches the terms ruby, rubies, sapphire or corundum in the database's searchable fields. Some references discuss these gems as part of a broader subject. Linked titles take you to external links where you may find the full reference.
Geology of Kampuchea, Laos and Vietnam: Explanatory note to the Geological map of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam
Book
Tien, P.C. (1989) Geology of Kampuchea, Laos and Vietnam: Explanatory note to the Geological map of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Hanoi, Institute for Information and Documentation of Mines and Geology
Record No. 1724 | not seen
Subsidios para o estudo comércio das pedras preciosas em Lisboa, no século XVI
Contributions to the study of the trade of precious stones in Lisbon in the 16th Century
Journal Article
Silva, N.V.e. (1989) Subsidios para o estudo comércio das pedras preciosas em Lisboa, no século XVI. [Contributions to the study of the trade of precious stones in Lisbon in the 16th Century] Boletim Cultural da Assembleia Distrital de Lisboa, No. 91,
Record No. 1599 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS/NIB | Language: in Portuguese | not seen
Silva examines the trade in precious stones in sixteenth-century Lisbon, when Portuguese maritime expansion made the city a major European entrepôt for gems arriving from India and other parts of Asia. Drawing on contemporary documentary sources, he discusses the importation, valuation and sale of diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, pearls and other precious materials, together with the merchants, jewelers and lapidaries involved in their distribution. The influx of eastern gems attracted foreign lapidaries to Lisbon and contributed to the development of a specialized gem and jewelry trade. The study also considers commercial practices, including the packaging and valuation of shipments and the role of foreign banking and mercantile houses, placing the gemstone trade within the broader economic consequences of Portuguese expansion in the Indian Ocean. Later work by Silva developed the subject in English as “The Portuguese Gem Trade in the Sixteenth Century” (Jewellery Studies, No. 6, 1993, pp. 19–28).
Thai joint venture gets Umba exclusive
Journal Article
Anonymous (1989) Thai joint venture gets Umba exclusive. Colored Stone, Vol. 2, No. 4, p. 25.
Record No. 346 | not seen
Montana’s secret
Journal Article
Anonymous (1989) Montana’s secret. Keystone Gems & Jewelry, Fall issue,
Record No. 344 | not seen
Steve Phelps reports on a sapphire miner who is setting high standards in environmental protection
Journal Article
Anonymous (1989) Steve Phelps reports on a sapphire miner who is setting high standards in environmental protection. Australian Mining, Vol. 81, No. 9, Sept., p. 31.
Record No. 343 | not seen
Transformation of Geuda stones to blue sapphires by heat treatment
Report
Ediriweera, R.N. and Perera, S.I. (1988) Transformation of Geuda stones to blue sapphires by heat treatment. Institute of Physics, Sri Lanka, Mar-88,
Record No. 7852 | not seen
Relation between perfection and formation mechanism of single crystals of corundum
Journal Article
Dobrovinskaya, E.R. and Pishchik, V.V. (1988) Relation between perfection and formation mechanism of single crystals of corundum. Soviet Physics & Crystallography, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 591–594.
Record No. 7630 | not seen
Ratna Vijnana
Gemology
Book
Vyasa, S. (1988) Ratna Vijnana. [Gemology] Dilli, India, Jnana Ganga, 196 pp.
Record No. 1794 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS | Language: in Sanscrit and Prakit | not seen
Magnificent Jewels
Catalog
Sotheby’s (1988) Magnificent Jewels. St. Moritz: Sotheby’s
Record No. 1626 | seen
Geology and the origin of the corundum-bearing skarn at Bakamuna, Sri Lanka
Journal Article
Silva, K.K.M.W. (1988) Geology and the origin of the corundum-bearing skarn at Bakamuna, Sri Lanka. Mineralium Deposita, Vol. 23, pp. 186–190.
Record No. 1598 | not seen
A corundum-bearing skarn deposit was dis-covered in the Bakumuna area. The geology, petrology, and geochemistry of the deposit were studied. The skarn deposit comprises three mineralogically different zones, and the corundum is chiefly mineralized in the outermost zone. The deposit formed by the reaction of late magmatic fluids with the marble which eventually enriched the fluids with A1, causing A120~ to precipitate as corundum.
![Gemstones and Sri Lankan Sapphires [in Thai]](/media/publications/01044866563646384128_book.gif "Gemstones and Sri Lankan Sapphires [in Thai]")
Gemstones and Sri Lankan Sapphires [in Thai]
in Thai
Book
Ploy Sahm See (1988) Gemstones and Sri Lankan Sapphires [in Thai]. Bangkok, 36 pp.
Record No. 1428 | seen
The gem and jewellery industry in Sri Lanka
Journal Article
Malwatte, I. (1988) The gem and jewellery industry in Sri Lanka. Business Lanka, December, p. 8.
Record No. 1225 | not seen
Role of the State Gem Corporation in the gem industry of Sri Lanka
Journal Article
Gunawardena, L. (1988) Role of the State Gem Corporation in the gem industry of Sri Lanka. Business Lanka, December, pp. 11–12.
Record No. 865 | not seen
Features of the geological structure and exploration of the Kukhi-Lal noble spinel deposit
Особенности геологического строения и разведки месторождения благородной шпинели Кухи-Лал (Юго-Западный Памир) Osobennosti geologicheskogo stroeniya i razvedki mestorozhdeniya blagorodnoi shpineli Kukhi-Lal
Conference Proceedings
Gurevich, Y.A. (1987) Features of the geological structure and exploration of the Kukhi-Lal noble spinel deposit. [Особенности геологического строения и разведки месторождения благородной шпинели Кухи-Лал (Юго-Западный Памир) Osobennosti geologicheskogo stroeniya i razvedki mestorozhdeniya blagorodnoi shpineli Kukhi-Lal] Geologiya, poiski i razvedka mestorozhdenii tsvetnykh kamnei Tadzhikistana, Dushanbe: Donish, pp. 17–20.
Record No. 29281 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS/NIB | Language: in Russian | not seen
Gurevich describes the geological structure of the Kukhi-Lal noble-spinel deposit in the southwestern Pamir and summarizes the results of geological exploration undertaken to define its gem-bearing zones. The deposit consists of magnesian skarns developed within magnesite marbles near their contact with gneisses. Particular attention is given to the principal spinel-bearing skarn body, composed mainly of enstatite, forsterite and talc and containing zones of iron-poor gem spinel. Exploration included detailed geological mapping, surface and underground workings and drilling to establish the geometry and continuity of the spinel-bearing bodies and to identify the most productive portions of the deposit. The work also provided estimates of the quantity and quality of gem spinel and gem clinohumite. Later studies specifically reproduce Gurevich’s geological map and cite his paper as a fundamental description of the deposit’s structure and exploration.
Ruby and sapphire deposits of the Alpine-Himalayan fold belt and their formation conditions
Месторождения рубина и сапфира Альпийско-Гималайского складчатого пояса и условия их формирования
Book Section
Rossovskii, L.N. (1987) Ruby and sapphire deposits of the Alpine-Himalayan fold belt and their formation conditions. [Месторождения рубина и сапфира Альпийско-Гималайского складчатого пояса и условия их формирования] In: Proceedings on Geology and Prospecting of Gemstone Deposits in Tajikistan [Геология, поиски и разведка месторождений цветных камней Таджикистана. Душанбе: Дониш], Dushanbe: Donish Publishers, pp. 36–38.
Record No. 17057 | Sinkankas/Born No.: NIS/NIB | Language: in Russian | not seen
Rossovskii gives a brief regional synthesis of ruby and sapphire deposits within the Alpine–Himalayan fold belt, considering their geological settings and conditions of formation. The paper places corundum occurrences within the broader tectonic and metamorphic framework of the belt and compares the principal geological environments in which gem-quality ruby and sapphire occur. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationship between corundum mineralization and metamorphic or metasomatic processes, including ruby occurrences associated with marbles. The contribution is essentially a concise metallogenic overview intended to identify common geological controls on the distribution and genesis of gem corundum across this extensive belt.
Optical transformations in “Geuda” stones during heat-treatment
Report
Ediriweera, R.N. and Perera, S.I. (1987) Optical transformations in “Geuda” stones during heat-treatment. Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, Dec-87,
Record No. 7849 | not seen
Die Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit als Ursache für die Bildung entweder von Sternkorunden oder von kornblumenblauen Saphiren
The cooling rate as the cause for the formation of either star corundums or cornflower blue sapphires
Journal Article
Harder, H. and Schneider, A. (1987) Die Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit als Ursache für die Bildung entweder von Sternkorunden oder von kornblumenblauen Saphiren. [The cooling rate as the cause for the formation of either star corundums or cornflower blue sapphires] Neues Jahrbuch fuer Mineralogie Monatshefte, No. 8, pp. 344—346.
Record No. 7775 | Language: in German | not seen
Harder and Schneider investigate experimentally how cooling rate controls whether Ti-bearing corundum develops asterism or a cornflower-blue color. They relate the two effects to the behavior of titanium during cooling: under conditions permitting exsolution, titanium is precipitated as oriented rutile needles, producing the silk responsible for asterism; under different cooling conditions, titanium remains incorporated in the corundum lattice, where interaction between iron and titanium produces blue coloration. Thus, corundum of essentially comparable composition can develop either the oriented rutile inclusions required for a star effect or the transparent blue appearance characteristic of sapphire, depending upon its thermal history. The paper emphasizes cooling rate as a decisive factor governing the distribution of titanium between the corundum lattice and exsolved rutile.
Sapphire deposits of the Helena area
Book Section
Zeihen, L.G. (1987) Sapphire deposits of the Helena area. In: Guidebook to the Helena Area, West-Central Montana: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Special Publication 95 , 64 pp..
Record No. 7708 | not seen
Lasing due to color centers in an Al₂O₃:Mg crystal
Journal Article
Boiko, B.B., Shkadarevich, A.P., Zhdanov, E.A., Kalosha, I., Koptev, V.G. and Demidovich, A.A. (1987) Lasing due to color centers in an Al₂O₃:Mg crystal. Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 581–582.
Record No. 5506 | not seen
Magnesium-impurity diffusion in Al₂O₃ single crystals
Book Section
Ando, K. (1987) Magnesium-impurity diffusion in Al₂O₃ single crystals. In: Advances in Ceramics, Westerville, OH: American Ceramic Society, pp. 149–158.
Record No. 5505 | not seen
Exploring the Literature of Corundum
Ruby and sapphire research spans mineralogy, gem deposits, identification, treatments, synthesis and the history of the gem trade. Older publications can also be useful for tracing terminology, early observations and accounts of mining localities. Publication dates and the original source should be considered when using historical descriptions.
For an introduction to collecting books on this subject, read Ruby & Sapphire Books: Collecting the Literature of Corundum.
About Four Treasures
Four Treasures is Lotus Gemology's freely accessible gemological reference database. Use the full database to search by author, title or keyword and explore literature on gemology, mineralogy, jewelry and related fields. Where available, hyperlinks on titles may lead directly to the full publication.